| No. | Term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | account for | explain; give a reason |
| 2. | accumulate | gather gradually over time |
| 3. | accurate | correct; free from errors |
| 4. | advocate | support publicly; argue for |
| 5. | allocate | distribute resources for a purpose |
| 6. | alternative | another option or choice |
| 7. | ambiguous | unclear; open to interpretation |
| 8. | analyse | examine in detail to understand |
| 9. | approach | method; way of dealing |
| 10. | appropriate | suitable for a situation |
| 11. | approximate | close to the true value |
| 12. | assess | evaluate the quality or value |
| 13. | assumption | belief accepted without proof |
| 14. | attain | achieve after effort |
| 15. | attribute to | regard as caused by |
| 16. | bias | unfair preference; prejudice |
| 17. | breakdown | detailed division of parts |
| 18. | capability | ability to do something |
| 19. | capacity | maximum amount possible |
| 20. | challenge | difficult task or problem |
| 21. | clarify | make clearer; explain |
| 22. | coherent | logical and well-organized |
| 23. | coincide | occur at the same time |
| 24. | collapse | fail suddenly; break down |
| 25. | commission | official group for a task |
| 26. | commitment | dedication to a cause |
| 27. | commodity | basic goods for trade |
| 28. | compensate | make up for a loss |
| 29. | compile | collect into a single set |
| 30. | complement | add to; complete something |
| 31. | complex | not simple; many parts |
| 32. | component | one part of a whole |
| 33. | comprehensive | covering all important parts |
| 34. | concede | admit reluctantly |
| 35. | concentrate on | focus attention on something |
| 36. | conclude | reach a final decision |
| 37. | consequence | result or effect |
| 38. | considerable | large in size or amount |
| 39. | constraint | limit; restriction |
| 40. | construct | build; form something |
| 41. | consume | use up; eat or drink |
| 42. | contemporary | modern; of the present time |
| 43. | contradict | say the opposite; deny |
| 44. | controversial | causing public disagreement |
| 45. | convene | meet formally for a purpose |
| 46. | correlation | relationship between two factors |
| 47. | crucial | extremely important; vital |
| 48. | cumulative | increasing by successive additions |
| 49. | decline | decrease; become less |
| 50. | deduce | reach by logical reasoning |
| 51. | define | state the exact meaning |
| 52. | demonstrate | show clearly; prove |
| 53. | derive | obtain from a source |
| 54. | detrimental | harmful; damaging |
| 55. | dimension | aspect; measurable extent |
| 56. | disparity | inequality; difference in level |
| 57. | disseminate | spread widely; distribute |
| 58. | distinguish | recognize differences; separate |
| 59. | diverse | varied; of different types |
| 60. | domestic | relating to one’s own country |
| 61. | dominant | most influential or powerful |
| 62. | eliminate | remove completely |
| 63. | emerge | appear; become known |
| 64. | emphasis | special importance given |
| 65. | empirical | based on observation or data |
| 66. | enhance | improve; increase quality |
| 67. | ensure | make certain; guarantee |
| 68. | entity | something with separate existence |
| 69. | equivalent | equal in value or meaning |
| 70. | establish | set up; create formally |
| 71. | evaluate | judge value or effectiveness |
| 72. | evidence | facts supporting a claim |
| 73. | exceed | go beyond a limit |
| 74. | exclude | leave out; not include |
| 75. | expenditure | money spent |
| 76. | explicit | clearly stated; not implied |
| 77. | exploit | use for benefit; take advantage |
| 78. | factor | one element influencing results |
| 79. | feasible | possible and practical |
| 80. | fluctuate | change irregularly up and down |
| 81. | framework | basic structure; guiding system |
| 82. | fundamental | basic; essential |
| 83. | generate | produce; create |
| 84. | global | worldwide; international |
| 85. | guideline | recommended rule or advice |
| 86. | hypothesis | testable proposed explanation |
| 87. | identify | recognize and name |
| 88. | illustrate | explain using examples |
| 89. | impact | strong effect or influence |
| 90. | implement | put into action |
| 91. | implication | possible effect or meaning |
| 92. | incentive | something encouraging action |
| 93. | inevitable | certain to happen |
| 94. | infrastructure | basic systems supporting society |
| 95. | innovation | new idea, method, or product |
| 96. | integrate | combine into a whole |
| 97. | interpret | explain the meaning |
| 98. | intervention | involvement to change outcomes |
| 99. | justify | give valid reasons for |
| 100. | legislation | laws made by authorities |
