100 Words Related to Natural Disasters

No.	Term	Definition
1.	aftershock	Smaller quake after main earthquake.
2.	ash cloud	Airborne volcanic ash plume.
3.	atmospheric river	Narrow band of intense moisture.
4.	avalanche	Rapid snow and ice slide.
5.	ball lightning	Rare glowing sphere during storms.
6.	barometric pressure	Atmospheric pressure affecting weather.
7.	blizzard	Severe snowstorm with strong winds.
8.	brushfire	Fast-burning fire in shrubs.
9.	caldera	Large volcanic crater from collapse.
10.	catastrophe	Sudden event causing great damage.
11.	cinder cone	Small volcano built from cinders.
12.	coastal erosion	Shoreline loss from waves and storms.
13.	cyclone	Large rotating storm system.
14.	debris flow	Fast mix of mud and rocks.
15.	dike	Embankment built to hold water.
16.	drought	Long period of low rainfall.
17.	dry lightning	Lightning with little or no rain.
18.	dust storm	Strong winds carrying dust.
19.	earthquake	Ground shaking from crust movement.
20.	El Niño	Pacific warming altering global weather.
21.	emergency kit	Supplies for survival and first aid.
22.	epicenter	Point above earthquake focus.
23.	evacuation	Moving people to safety.
24.	extreme heat	Unusually high temperatures for days.
25.	fault line	Fracture where rocks move.
26.	firebreak	Cleared strip to stop fires.
27.	firestorm	Intense fire creating its own winds.
28.	flash flood	Sudden flooding after heavy rain.
29.	floodplain	Low land beside a river.
30.	forewarning	Advance notice of impending danger.
31.	frostbite	Tissue injury from extreme cold.
32.	funnel cloud	Rotating cloud not touching ground.
33.	geysers	Hot springs that erupt water.
34.	glacier outburst flood	Sudden flood from ice-dammed lake.
35.	global warming	Long-term rise in Earth temperature.
36.	groundwater depletion	Declining underground water reserves.
37.	gust front	Leading edge of storm winds.
38.	hail	Falling balls or lumps of ice.
39.	hailstorm	Storm producing heavy hail.
40.	harmattan haze	Dry dusty wind causing reduced visibility.
41.	heat wave	Prolonged period of extreme heat.
42.	heavy rainfall	Intense rain over a short time.
43.	hotspot volcano	Volcano fed by mantle plume.
44.	hurricane	Powerful tropical cyclone with high winds.
45.	ice jam	River ice blockage causing flooding.
46.	ice storm	Freezing rain coating surfaces in ice.
47.	intensity scale	Measure of shaking effects.
48.	inundation	Area covered by floodwater.
49.	jet stream shift	Change in high-altitude wind path.
50.	jökulhlaup	Sudden glacial outburst flood.
51.	lahar	Volcanic mudflow of ash and water.
52.	landslide	Mass of earth moving downhill.
53.	lava flow	Molten rock moving on surface.
54.	levee	Raised bank to prevent flooding.
55.	liquefaction	Soil loses strength during shaking.
56.	magma chamber	Underground reservoir of molten rock.
57.	magnitude	Measure of earthquake energy released.
58.	microburst	Sudden strong downward wind burst.
59.	monsoon	Seasonal winds bringing heavy rains.
60.	mudslide	Water-saturated earth sliding downhill.
61.	nor’easter	Strong coastal storm in northeast US.
62.	ocean surge	Sudden rise of sea level.
63.	outbreak wildfire	New rapidly spreading wildland fire.
64.	outgassing	Release of gases from volcano.
65.	permafrost thaw	Frozen ground melting over time.
66.	pyroclastic flow	Fast hot ash and gas avalanche.
67.	rain shadow	Dry area behind mountains.
68.	reddening skies	Smoke or dust coloring the sky.
69.	richter scale	Older logarithmic quake magnitude scale.
70.	rip current	Strong narrow current flowing seaward.
71.	river flooding	Overflow of rivers onto land.
72.	sandstorm	Windstorm carrying sand particles.
73.	seiche	Standing wave in enclosed water.
74.	seismic wave	Energy wave from an earthquake.
75.	shelter-in-place	Stay indoors for immediate safety.
76.	sinkhole	Ground collapse into underground void.
77.	smoke plume	Column of smoke from fire.
78.	squall line	Line of severe thunderstorms.
79.	storm surge	Sea level rise from storm winds.
80.	stratospheric warming	Upper-air warming altering weather patterns.
81.	subduction zone	Where one plate dives beneath another.
82.	supercell	Severe rotating thunderstorm.
83.	tectonic plate	Large moving slab of Earth’s crust.
84.	thunderstorm	Storm with lightning and thunder.
85.	tornado	Violent rotating column of air.
86.	torrential rain	Very heavy rainfall in short time.
87.	tremor	Small or continuous ground shaking.
88.	tropical depression	Weak organized tropical storm system.
89.	tropical storm	Tropical cyclone with moderate winds.
90.	tsunami	Large sea waves from seafloor shift.
91.	typhoon	Western Pacific hurricane-strength cyclone.
92.	uplift	Rising of Earth’s surface.
93.	urban flooding	Flooding in built-up areas.
94.	volcanic eruption	Release of lava, ash, and gases.
95.	volcanic gas	Gases emitted from a volcano.
96.	volcanic vent	Opening where magma and gases escape.
97.	vulnerability	Susceptibility to harm or damage.
98.	waterspout	Tornado over water.
99.	weather warning	Official notice of hazardous weather.
100.	wildfire	Uncontrolled fire in natural areas.