Complete the 12 sentences below. Choose the best answer for each one.
1The committee asked for ............... evidence from experiments and surveys before changing the policy.
Wrong!
"Empirical" is correct because data collected from experiments and surveys is evidence based on observation or measurement.
2In the regression model, income level was a ............... factor because it strongly affected the final outcome.
Wrong!
"Significant" is correct because a variable that strongly affects the outcome is important in the analysis.
3The graph shows a ............... decline in rural employment, with numbers falling slowly over several years.
Wrong!
"Gradual" is correct because the change happened slowly over several years.
4The researcher challenged the article's conclusion and offered an ............... interpretation of the same results.
Wrong!
"Alternative" is correct because the new interpretation is different from the one in the article.
5The new treatment has ............... benefits, but they may not be visible for several years.
Wrong!
"Potential" is correct because benefits that may appear in the future are possible rather than already proven.
6A ............... approach to urban planning considers economic, social, and environmental effects together.
Wrong!
"Comprehensive" is correct because the approach covers economic, social, and environmental aspects together.
7The policy was criticised for ............... language that could be interpreted in several different ways.
Wrong!
"Ambiguous" is correct because the policy can be understood in more than one way.
8Because the sample included only first-year students, the findings may not be ............... valid for the wider adult population.
Wrong!
"Externally" is correct because results that apply to other populations are externally valid.
9Low participation remained a ............... problem despite repeated attempts to improve student engagement.
Wrong!
"Persistent" is correct because the problem continues despite repeated attempts to solve it.
10The report found that poor air quality had an ............... impact on children, increasing the risk of respiratory illness.
Wrong!
"Adverse" is correct because an impact that increases health risks is harmful.
11The authors argue that there is a ............... relationship between sleep loss and reduced concentration, since one directly leads to the other.
Wrong!
"Causal" is correct because the study claims that one variable directly produces a change in another.
12To make reliable comparisons, the survey needs a ............... dataset that reflects the wider national population.
Wrong!
"Representative" is correct because the dataset reflects the larger population it is meant to describe.
Exercise complete
0 out of 12
correct answers
Answers
- The committee asked for empirical evidence from experiments and surveys before changing the policy.
- In the regression model, income level was a significant factor because it strongly affected the final outcome.
- The graph shows a gradual decline in rural employment, with numbers falling slowly over several years.
- The researcher challenged the article’s conclusion and offered an alternative interpretation of the same results.
- The new treatment has potential benefits, but they may not be visible for several years.
- A comprehensive approach to urban planning considers economic, social, and environmental effects together.
- The policy was criticised for ambiguous language that could be interpreted in several different ways.
- Because the sample included only first-year students, the findings may not be externally valid for the wider adult population.
- Low participation remained a persistent problem despite repeated attempts to improve student engagement.
- The report found that poor air quality had an adverse impact on children, increasing the risk of respiratory illness.
- The authors argue that there is a causal relationship between sleep loss and reduced concentration, since one directly leads to the other.
- To make reliable comparisons, the survey needs a representative dataset that reflects the wider national population.