| No. | Item | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | A1C | average blood sugar marker |
| 2. | acromegaly | adult growth hormone excess |
| 3. | ACTH | pituitary hormone stimulating adrenals |
| 4. | Addison’s | adrenal hormone deficiency disorder |
| 5. | adrenal | gland above each kidney |
| 6. | aldosterone | hormone controlling salt balance |
| 7. | alpha cell | pancreatic cell making glucagon |
| 8. | androgen | male-type sex hormone |
| 9. | beta cell | pancreatic cell making insulin |
| 10. | biopsy | sample of tissue for testing |
| 11. | calcitonin | hormone lowering blood calcium |
| 12. | calcium | mineral vital for bones |
| 13. | catecholamine | stress-related signaling hormone |
| 14. | cortisol | stress hormone from adrenal cortex |
| 15. | Cushing’s | excess cortisol disorder |
| 16. | delayed puberty | later than expected puberty |
| 17. | DEXA | bone density scanning test |
| 18. | diabetes | disease with high blood sugar |
| 19. | edema | swelling from fluid buildup |
| 20. | electrolyte | charged mineral in body fluids |
| 21. | endocrine | relating to hormone glands |
| 22. | epinephrine | adrenaline stress hormone |
| 23. | estrogen | main female sex hormone |
| 24. | fasting | not eating for a period |
| 25. | fatigue | extreme tiredness or low energy |
| 26. | feedback | self-regulating control response |
| 27. | FSH | pituitary reproductive hormone |
| 28. | GH | growth hormone from pituitary |
| 29. | ghrelin | hormone stimulating hunger |
| 30. | GLP-1 | gut hormone affecting insulin |
| 31. | glucagon | hormone raising blood sugar |
| 32. | glucose | main sugar in the blood |
| 33. | goiter | enlarged thyroid gland |
| 34. | gonad | ovary or testis |
| 35. | Graves’ disease | autoimmune overactive thyroid disorder |
| 36. | hormone | chemical messenger in the body |
| 37. | hyperglycemia | high blood sugar |
| 38. | hypernatremia | high blood sodium |
| 39. | hyperthyroidism | overactive thyroid condition |
| 40. | hypoglycemia | low blood sugar |
| 41. | hyponatremia | low blood sodium |
| 42. | hypothalamus | brain region controlling hormones |
| 43. | hypothyroidism | underactive thyroid condition |
| 44. | infertility | difficulty becoming pregnant |
| 45. | insulin | hormone that lowers blood sugar |
| 46. | insulinoma | insulin-secreting pancreatic tumor |
| 47. | iodine | element needed for thyroid hormones |
| 48. | islet | pancreatic hormone-producing cell cluster |
| 49. | ketoacidosis | dangerous acid buildup from ketones |
| 50. | leptin | hormone affecting appetite |
| 51. | LH | pituitary reproductive hormone |
| 52. | MEN1 | inherited endocrine tumor syndrome |
| 53. | MEN2 | inherited endocrine tumor syndrome |
| 54. | menopause | end of menstrual periods |
| 55. | metabolism | body’s chemical energy processes |
| 56. | metformin | common diabetes medicine |
| 57. | microalbuminuria | small protein leakage in urine |
| 58. | myxedema | severe hypothyroid tissue swelling |
| 59. | nephropathy | kidney damage from diabetes |
| 60. | neuropathy | nerve damage causing numbness |
| 61. | norepinephrine | stress hormone and neurotransmitter |
| 62. | obesity | excess body fat |
| 63. | osteomalacia | soft bones in adults |
| 64. | osteopenia | mildly low bone density |
| 65. | osteoporosis | bone thinning disease |
| 66. | ovary | female reproductive gland |
| 67. | pancreas | organ making insulin and enzymes |
| 68. | parathyroid | gland regulating calcium levels |
| 69. | pheochromocytoma | adrenal tumor making catecholamines |
| 70. | pituitary | master gland at brain base |
| 71. | potassium | mineral important for nerves |
| 72. | progesterone | hormone supporting menstrual cycle |
| 73. | prolactin | hormone promoting milk production |
| 74. | PTH | parathyroid hormone raising calcium |
| 75. | puberty | stage of sexual maturation |
| 76. | radioiodine | radioactive iodine for thyroid |
| 77. | receptor | cell protein binding signals |
| 78. | retinopathy | eye damage from diabetes |
| 79. | rickets | soft bones in children |
| 80. | screening | testing before symptoms appear |
| 81. | secretion | release of a substance |
| 82. | semaglutide | GLP-1 drug for diabetes |
| 83. | serum | liquid part of blood |
| 84. | SIADH | excess antidiuretic hormone disorder |
| 85. | sodium | mineral controlling fluid balance |
| 86. | T3 | active thyroid hormone |
| 87. | testis | male reproductive gland |
| 88. | testosterone | main male sex hormone |
| 89. | thyroglobulin | protein used to make hormones |
| 90. | thyroid | gland controlling metabolism |
| 91. | tirzepatide | drug for diabetes and weight |
| 92. | TSH | pituitary hormone stimulating thyroid |
| 93. | ultrasound | imaging using sound waves |
| 94. | virilization | development of male physical traits |
| 95. | visceral fat | fat stored around organs |
| 96. | vitamin D | nutrient aiding calcium absorption |
| 97. | volume depletion | loss of body fluid volume |
| 98. | water retention | excess fluid kept in tissues |
| 99. | xanthoma | yellowish fatty skin deposit |
| 100. | zoledronic acid | drug used to treat bone loss |
