| No. | Item | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ABG | arterial blood gas test |
| 2. | airway | passage for breathing air |
| 3. | allergen | substance triggering allergy |
| 4. | anaphylaxis | severe life-threatening allergic reaction |
| 5. | apnea | temporary توقف of breathing |
| 6. | ARDS | severe inflammatory lung failure |
| 7. | asbestos | hazardous fibrous mineral |
| 8. | aspiration | inhaling material into lungs |
| 9. | asthma | chronic airway inflammation disorder |
| 10. | atelectasis | collapsed part of lung |
| 11. | biopsy | sample of tissue removed |
| 12. | BiPAP | machine with two pressure levels |
| 13. | bradypnea | abnormally slow breathing |
| 14. | bronchiolitis | small airway inflammation |
| 15. | bronchitis | inflammation of the bronchi |
| 16. | bronchodilator | drug opening the airways |
| 17. | bronchoscopy | airway examination with scope |
| 18. | bronchospasm | tightening of airway muscles |
| 19. | capillary | tiny blood vessel |
| 20. | carcinoma | cancer from lining cells |
| 21. | compliance | ease of lung expansion |
| 22. | consolidation | solidified lung from fluid |
| 23. | COPD | long-term obstructive lung disease |
| 24. | cough | sudden expulsion of air |
| 25. | COVID-19 | coronavirus respiratory disease |
| 26. | CPAP | machine giving steady airway pressure |
| 27. | cyanosis | bluish skin from low oxygen |
| 28. | diaphragm | main breathing muscle |
| 29. | diffusion | gas movement across membrane |
| 30. | dyspnea | difficult or labored breathing |
| 31. | edema | excess fluid in tissues |
| 32. | effusion | fluid buildup around lungs |
| 33. | embolism | blocked blood vessel by clot |
| 34. | emphysema | air sac damage causing breathlessness |
| 35. | expiration | breathing air out |
| 36. | extubation | removal of breathing tube |
| 37. | FEV1 | air exhaled in one second |
| 38. | fibrosis | scarring of lung tissue |
| 39. | fungus | spore-forming organism |
| 40. | FVC | forced vital capacity measure |
| 41. | granuloma | small inflammatory tissue cluster |
| 42. | hemoptysis | coughing up blood |
| 43. | hilum | central lung entry area |
| 44. | hypercapnia | too much carbon dioxide |
| 45. | hypoxemia | low oxygen in blood |
| 46. | hypoxia | low oxygen in tissues |
| 47. | immunotherapy | treatment using immune system |
| 48. | infection | invasion by harmful organisms |
| 49. | infiltrate | substance seen within lung |
| 50. | inflammation | body response causing swelling |
| 51. | influenza | viral illness affecting airways |
| 52. | inhaler | device delivering inhaled medicine |
| 53. | inspiration | breathing air in |
| 54. | intubation | placing tube in airway |
| 55. | malignancy | cancerous growth or disease |
| 56. | mediastinum | space between the lungs |
| 57. | mesothelioma | cancer of pleural lining |
| 58. | metastasis | spread of cancer elsewhere |
| 59. | mucolytic | drug that thins mucus |
| 60. | mucus | slippery protective secretion |
| 61. | nasal cannula | small oxygen delivery tubing |
| 62. | nebulizer | device making medicated mist |
| 63. | nodule | small rounded lung spot |
| 64. | orthopnea | breathlessness when lying flat |
| 65. | oxygenation | adding oxygen to blood |
| 66. | peak flow | maximum speed of exhalation |
| 67. | perfusion | blood flow through tissue |
| 68. | pleura | membrane around the lungs |
| 69. | pleurisy | inflamed pleura causing pain |
| 70. | pneumoconiosis | dust-related lung disease |
| 71. | pneumonia | lung infection causing inflammation |
| 72. | pneumothorax | air in pleural space |
| 73. | pulmonary | relating to the lungs |
| 74. | pulse oximetry | oxygen level finger test |
| 75. | radiograph | X-ray image |
| 76. | rales | crackling lung sounds |
| 77. | rehabilitation | therapy to regain function |
| 78. | resistance | opposition to airflow |
| 79. | respiration | the act of breathing |
| 80. | rhonchi | low-pitched rattling breath sounds |
| 81. | sarcoidosis | inflammatory disease with granulomas |
| 82. | silicosis | lung disease from silica dust |
| 83. | sleep apnea | breathing pauses during sleep |
| 84. | spirometry | test of lung function |
| 85. | sputum | mucus coughed from airways |
| 86. | stethoscope | instrument for listening to sounds |
| 87. | stridor | harsh high airway sound |
| 88. | surfactant | substance preventing alveolar collapse |
| 89. | tachypnea | abnormally rapid breathing |
| 90. | thorax | the chest region |
| 91. | trachea | windpipe carrying air downward |
| 92. | transplant | organ replacement surgery |
| 93. | tuberculosis | contagious bacterial lung infection |
| 94. | ultrasound | imaging with sound waves |
| 95. | vaccination | protection by vaccine |
| 96. | ventilation | movement of air in lungs |
| 97. | ventilator | machine assisting breathing |
| 98. | virus | tiny infectious particle |
| 99. | weaning | gradual removal of support |
| 100. | wheeze | high-pitched breathing sound |
