| No. | Term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | abacus | Counting frame with beads. |
| 2. | absolute value | Distance from zero on number line. |
| 3. | acute angle | Angle less than 90 degrees. |
| 4. | addend | Number being added. |
| 5. | addition | Operation of combining numbers. |
| 6. | algebra | Math using symbols and rules. |
| 7. | algorithm | Step-by-step method to solve. |
| 8. | angle | Figure formed by two rays. |
| 9. | area | Space inside a 2D shape. |
| 10. | average | Mean of a set. |
| 11. | base | Bottom side or exponent base. |
| 12. | binomial | Expression with two terms. |
| 13. | calculus | Study of change and accumulation. |
| 14. | capacity | Amount a container can hold. |
| 15. | cardinal number | Number showing quantity. |
| 16. | coefficient | Number multiplying a variable. |
| 17. | common denominator | Shared denominator for fractions. |
| 18. | composite number | Integer with more than two factors. |
| 19. | cone | 3D shape with circular base. |
| 20. | congruent | Same shape and size. |
| 21. | coordinate | Number locating a point. |
| 22. | cube | 3D shape with equal edges. |
| 23. | cuboid | Box-shaped 3D figure. |
| 24. | decimal | Number with a point. |
| 25. | degree | Unit for measuring angles. |
| 26. | denominator | Bottom number in a fraction. |
| 27. | diameter | Line through circle center. |
| 28. | difference | Result of subtraction. |
| 29. | digit | Single numeral 0–9. |
| 30. | dividend | Number being divided. |
| 31. | division | Operation of splitting equally. |
| 32. | divisor | Number dividing the dividend. |
| 33. | equation | Statement that two expressions are equal. |
| 34. | estimate | Rough calculation or guess. |
| 35. | even number | Integer divisible by 2. |
| 36. | exponent | Power indicating repeated multiplication. |
| 37. | expression | Combination of numbers and symbols. |
| 38. | factor | Number that divides evenly. |
| 39. | factorial | Product of integers down to 1. |
| 40. | fraction | Part of a whole. |
| 41. | frequency | Count of occurrences. |
| 42. | function | Rule mapping inputs to outputs. |
| 43. | geometry | Study of shapes and space. |
| 44. | graph | Visual display of data or relation. |
| 45. | greatest common factor | Largest shared factor. |
| 46. | hypotenuse | Longest side of right triangle. |
| 47. | identity | Equality true for all values. |
| 48. | inequality | Comparison using <, >, ≤, ≥. |
| 49. | integer | Whole number, positive or negative. |
| 50. | integral | Area under a curve. |
| 51. | intersection | Point or set where things meet. |
| 52. | inverse | Operation that undoes another. |
| 53. | irrational number | Nonrepeating, nonterminating decimal. |
| 54. | isosceles triangle | Triangle with two equal sides. |
| 55. | iteration | Repeated application of a process. |
| 56. | jigsaw puzzle | Shape-fitting spatial reasoning activity. |
| 57. | kilometer | Metric unit of length. |
| 58. | least common multiple | Smallest shared multiple. |
| 59. | length | Distance from end to end. |
| 60. | limit | Value approached by a function. |
| 61. | line | Straight path extending infinitely. |
| 62. | line segment | Part of a line with endpoints. |
| 63. | logarithm | Exponent needed to get a number. |
| 64. | matrix | Rectangular array of numbers. |
| 65. | mean | Sum divided by count. |
| 66. | median | Middle value when ordered. |
| 67. | mode | Most frequent value. |
| 68. | multiple | Product of a number and integer. |
| 69. | multiplication | Repeated addition operation. |
| 70. | negative number | Number less than zero. |
| 71. | number line | Line showing numbers in order. |
| 72. | numerator | Top number in a fraction. |
| 73. | obtuse angle | Angle greater than 90 degrees. |
| 74. | odd number | Integer not divisible by 2. |
| 75. | operation | Math action like add or multiply. |
| 76. | order of operations | Rules for calculation sequence. |
| 77. | origin | Point (0,0) on a plane. |
| 78. | parallel lines | Lines that never meet. |
| 79. | percent | Per hundred. |
| 80. | perimeter | Distance around a shape. |
| 81. | pi | Circle circumference-to-diameter ratio. |
| 82. | point | Exact location with no size. |
| 83. | polygon | Closed shape with straight sides. |
| 84. | positive number | Number greater than zero. |
| 85. | power | Result of exponentiation. |
| 86. | prime number | Integer with exactly two factors. |
| 87. | probability | Chance of an event. |
| 88. | product | Result of multiplication. |
| 89. | proportion | Equality of two ratios. |
| 90. | pyramid | 3D shape with triangular sides. |
| 91. | quadratic | Polynomial of degree two. |
| 92. | quotient | Result of division. |
| 93. | radius | Distance from center to edge. |
| 94. | range | Difference between max and min. |
| 95. | ratio | Comparison of two quantities. |
| 96. | reciprocal | Multiplicative inverse of a number. |
| 97. | remainder | Amount left after division. |
| 98. | right angle | Angle of 90 degrees. |
| 99. | root | Number that yields a power. |
| 100. | rounding | Adjusting to nearest place value. |