| No. | Term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | abbey | monastery complex led by an abbot |
| 2. | allegiance | loyalty owed to a lord or king |
| 3. | armory | place storing weapons and armor |
| 4. | baron | noble rank holding lands from a king |
| 5. | bastion | projecting fortification for defense |
| 6. | battlement | parapet with protective notches |
| 7. | blacksmith | metalworker forging tools and weapons |
| 8. | broadsword | wide-bladed medieval sword |
| 9. | castle | fortified residence of a lord |
| 10. | catapult | siege engine that hurls projectiles |
| 11. | chainmail | armor of interlinked metal rings |
| 12. | chamberlain | official managing royal household |
| 13. | chancellor | high officer overseeing administration |
| 14. | chivalry | knightly code of conduct |
| 15. | cleric | member of the medieval clergy |
| 16. | coronation | ceremony crowning a monarch |
| 17. | court | royal household and its officials |
| 18. | courtier | person attending a royal court |
| 19. | crusade | religious military expedition |
| 20. | dauphin | heir to the French throne |
| 21. | demesne | lord’s land kept for own use |
| 22. | dungeon | castle prison or stronghold chamber |
| 23. | earl | high-ranking noble, count equivalent |
| 24. | edict | official proclamation by a ruler |
| 25. | enthrone | install a monarch on the throne |
| 26. | estate | landed property of a noble |
| 27. | exchequer | royal treasury and finance office |
| 28. | fief | land granted for service |
| 29. | fortress | strong defensive building or complex |
| 30. | friar | mendicant religious brother |
| 31. | galleon | large armed sailing ship |
| 32. | gauntlet | armored glove for a knight |
| 33. | gentry | landed class below nobility |
| 34. | goblet | decorative drinking cup |
| 35. | gothic | medieval architectural style with arches |
| 36. | guild | association of merchants or craftsmen |
| 37. | halberd | pole weapon with axe and spike |
| 38. | hall | main gathering room in a castle |
| 39. | haraldry | study and use of coats of arms |
| 40. | herald | messenger and arms officer |
| 41. | heresy | belief opposing church doctrine |
| 42. | homage | formal pledge to a feudal lord |
| 43. | hostage | person held to ensure compliance |
| 44. | inquisition | church tribunal investigating heresy |
| 45. | ironclad | heavily armored, strongly protected |
| 46. | jester | court entertainer and fool |
| 47. | joust | mounted lance contest between knights |
| 48. | keep | central fortified tower of a castle |
| 49. | kingdom | realm ruled by a king or queen |
| 50. | knighthood | status and duties of a knight |
| 51. | lance | long spear used by mounted knights |
| 52. | liege | lord entitled to a vassal’s loyalty |
| 53. | longbow | powerful bow used in war |
| 54. | lord | noble with authority over lands |
| 55. | manor | lord’s estate and its village |
| 56. | mantle | ceremonial cloak worn by nobles |
| 57. | market town | town granted rights to hold markets |
| 58. | masons | stoneworkers building castles and cathedrals |
| 59. | medallion | decorative metal pendant or badge |
| 60. | moat | water-filled ditch around a castle |
| 61. | monarch | sovereign ruler, king or queen |
| 62. | monastery | community of monks or nuns |
| 63. | motte-and-bailey | early castle with mound and yard |
| 64. | mural | wall painting in churches or halls |
| 65. | nobility | aristocratic class with titles |
| 66. | oath | solemn sworn promise |
| 67. | ordeal | trial by dangerous test |
| 68. | page | young servant training for knighthood |
| 69. | paladin | legendary heroic knight |
| 70. | parchment | writing material made from animal skin |
| 71. | peasant | rural laborer under feudal system |
| 72. | pilgrimage | journey to a sacred place |
| 73. | plague | deadly epidemic affecting medieval Europe |
| 74. | portcullis | heavy grated gate of a castle |
| 75. | prince | male royal family member |
| 76. | princess | female royal family member |
| 77. | prior | head of a priory |
| 78. | priory | small monastery or convent |
| 79. | regent | ruler acting for absent monarch |
| 80. | relic | sacred object linked to a saint |
| 81. | renaissance | later cultural revival after Middle Ages |
| 82. | rivalry | competition between nobles or realms |
| 83. | royal decree | formal order issued by a monarch |
| 84. | scepter | ceremonial staff of authority |
| 85. | scribe | person who copies texts by hand |
| 86. | seal | official stamped mark of authority |
| 87. | serf | bound agricultural laborer on a manor |
| 88. | siege | military blockade of a fortified place |
| 89. | squire | knight’s attendant in training |
| 90. | steward | manager of a noble household |
| 91. | sumptuary law | law regulating clothing and luxury |
| 92. | tapestry | woven wall hanging with scenes |
| 93. | throne | ceremonial seat of a monarch |
| 94. | tithe | religious tax, one tenth |
| 95. | tournament | organized contests of arms |
| 96. | trebuchet | counterweight siege engine |
| 97. | troubadour | medieval poet and musician |
| 98. | tunics | simple garment worn by many classes |
| 99. | vassal | person owing service to a lord |
| 100. | vigil | night watch or religious observance |
