| No. | Term | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | 35mm | Common film format and sensor reference. |
| 2. | 4K video | Ultra-high-definition video capture. |
| 3. | Aperture | Lens opening controlling light and depth. |
| 4. | Aspect ratio | Image width-to-height proportion. |
| 5. | Auto focus | Camera automatically sharpens subject. |
| 6. | Backlight | Light coming from behind subject. |
| 7. | Battery grip | Attachment extending power and handling. |
| 8. | Bokeh | Pleasant out-of-focus background blur. |
| 9. | Burst mode | Rapid sequence of shots. |
| 10. | Camera body | Main camera housing and controls. |
| 11. | Candid | Unposed, natural-looking photograph. |
| 12. | Chromatic aberration | Color fringing from lens dispersion. |
| 13. | Color grading | Adjust colors for mood and style. |
| 14. | Composition | Arrangement of elements in frame. |
| 15. | Contact sheet | Grid of thumbnail prints for review. |
| 16. | Contrast | Difference between light and dark. |
| 17. | Crop | Trim image edges to reframe. |
| 18. | Darkroom | Light-controlled photo processing room. |
| 19. | Depth of field | Range appearing acceptably sharp. |
| 20. | Diffuser | Softens and spreads light. |
| 21. | Digital zoom | Enlargement by cropping sensor image. |
| 22. | Dodge | Lighten selected areas in printing/editing. |
| 23. | Double exposure | Two images combined in one frame. |
| 24. | DSLR | Digital single-lens reflex camera. |
| 25. | Editing | Post-processing to improve or alter image. |
| 26. | Exposure | Total light captured by sensor/film. |
| 27. | Exposure compensation | Override automatic exposure setting. |
| 28. | Exposure triangle | Aperture, shutter, ISO relationship. |
| 29. | Fill light | Light reducing harsh shadows. |
| 30. | Filter | Accessory altering light or color. |
| 31. | Firmware | Internal camera software controlling functions. |
| 32. | Flash | Brief burst of artificial light. |
| 33. | Flash sync | Timing flash with shutter. |
| 34. | Focal length | Lens measure affecting angle of view. |
| 35. | Focus | Sharpness at a chosen distance. |
| 36. | Focus peaking | Highlights in-focus edges on screen. |
| 37. | Frame | Single image boundary or capture. |
| 38. | Framing | How subjects are positioned within edges. |
| 39. | Gamma | Midtone brightness curve adjustment. |
| 40. | Gels | Colored sheets for lighting effects. |
| 41. | Geotagging | Embedding location data in image metadata. |
| 42. | Golden hour | Warm light near sunrise or sunset. |
| 43. | Grain | Visible texture in film or high ISO. |
| 44. | Grid lines | On-screen guides for composition. |
| 45. | HDR | High dynamic range image merge. |
| 46. | Histogram | Graph of tonal distribution. |
| 47. | Hot shoe | Mount for flash or accessories. |
| 48. | Image stabilization | Reduces blur from camera shake. |
| 49. | ISO | Sensor sensitivity to light. |
| 50. | JPEG | Compressed common image file format. |
| 51. | Key light | Main light shaping the subject. |
| 52. | Lens | Optical element focusing light. |
| 53. | Lens hood | Blocks stray light and flare. |
| 54. | Lens mount | Interface attaching lens to camera. |
| 55. | Light meter | Measures light for exposure settings. |
| 56. | Light painting | Long exposure with moving lights. |
| 57. | Long exposure | Slow shutter capturing motion blur. |
| 58. | Macro | Close-up photography of small subjects. |
| 59. | Manual mode | User sets exposure parameters. |
| 60. | Metadata | Embedded info like settings and date. |
| 61. | Mirrorless | Interchangeable-lens camera without mirror. |
| 62. | Monochrome | Image in shades of one color. |
| 63. | Motion blur | Streaking from movement during exposure. |
| 64. | ND filter | Neutral density filter reduces light. |
| 65. | Noise | Random speckles, often in low light. |
| 66. | Normal lens | Focal length near human perspective. |
| 67. | Overexposure | Too much light; highlights clipped. |
| 68. | Panorama | Wide view stitched from multiple images. |
| 69. | Perspective | Spatial appearance from viewpoint and lens. |
| 70. | Photojournalism | Storytelling through documentary photographs. |
| 71. | Pixel | Smallest unit of a digital image. |
| 72. | Polarizer | Filter reducing reflections and glare. |
| 73. | Portrait | Photograph emphasizing a person. |
| 74. | Post-processing | Editing after capture using software. |
| 75. | Prime lens | Fixed focal length lens. |
| 76. | Physical output of a photograph. | |
| 77. | RAW | Unprocessed sensor data file. |
| 78. | Red-eye | Flash reflection causing red pupils. |
| 79. | Reflector | Bounces light onto subject. |
| 80. | Remote shutter | Triggers camera without touching it. |
| 81. | Resolution | Image detail measured in pixels. |
| 82. | Rule of thirds | Composition guideline using thirds grid. |
| 83. | Saturation | Intensity of colors in image. |
| 84. | Scene mode | Preset settings for common situations. |
| 85. | Self-timer | Delayed shutter release. |
| 86. | Sensor | Light-sensitive digital capture surface. |
| 87. | Shadows | Dark areas with low illumination. |
| 88. | Sharpness | Perceived clarity of fine details. |
| 89. | Shutter | Mechanism controlling exposure time. |
| 90. | Shutter speed | Duration the shutter stays open. |
| 91. | Softbox | Light modifier producing soft light. |
| 92. | Spot metering | Meters light from a small area. |
| 93. | Stop | Doubling or halving exposure. |
| 94. | Street photography | Candid photography in public places. |
| 95. | Telephoto | Long lens magnifying distant subjects. |
| 96. | Time-lapse | Frames captured over time, played fast. |
| 97. | Tint | Green-magenta color balance adjustment. |
| 98. | Tone | Brightness level of an area. |
| 99. | Tripod | Three-legged camera support. |
| 100. | Underexposure | Too little light; image too dark. |