| No. | Item | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | accuracy | Freedom from mistakes or factual errors. |
| 2. | adjective | Word describing a noun or pronoun. |
| 3. | adverb | Word modifying a verb, adjective, or adverb. |
| 4. | agreement | Grammatical matching between related words. |
| 5. | ambiguity | Openness to multiple interpretations. |
| 6. | anecdote | Brief personal story offered as evidence. |
| 7. | antecedent | Word to which a pronoun refers. |
| 8. | article | Word marking a noun’s definiteness. |
| 9. | aspect | Grammatical portrayal of an action’s duration. |
| 10. | assumption | Something accepted without proof. |
| 11. | bias | Unfair tendency favoring one viewpoint. |
| 12. | citation | A reference identifying an information source. |
| 13. | claim | A statement presented as true. |
| 14. | clarify | Make something easier to understand. |
| 15. | clause | Word group containing a subject and predicate. |
| 16. | colloquial | Typical of informal conversation. |
| 17. | conjunction | Word connecting words, phrases, or clauses. |
| 18. | context | Surrounding circumstances that clarify meaning. |
| 19. | contradiction | Direct conflict between statements or ideas. |
| 20. | counterexample | Example disproving a general claim. |
| 21. | credible | Believable and worthy of trust. |
| 22. | denotation | A word’s direct dictionary meaning. |
| 23. | dialect | A regional or social language variety. |
| 24. | diction | A speaker’s or writer’s word choice. |
| 25. | diplomacy | Skillful handling of sensitive interactions. |
| 26. | dismissive | Showing that something deserves no consideration. |
| 27. | distinguish | Recognize or explain a difference. |
| 28. | distortion | Misrepresentation of the original meaning. |
| 29. | dogmatic | Expressing opinions as unquestionably correct. |
| 30. | empathy | Understanding another person’s feelings or perspective. |
| 31. | entailment | Meaning logically required by another statement. |
| 32. | equivocation | Misleading use of ambiguous language. |
| 33. | error | Something incorrect or mistaken. |
| 34. | etymology | The history and origins of words. |
| 35. | euphemism | Mild expression replacing an unpleasant one. |
| 36. | evidence | Information supporting or disproving a claim. |
| 37. | fact | Something verifiably true. |
| 38. | fallacy | A flaw in reasoning. |
| 39. | falsifiable | Capable of being tested and disproved. |
| 40. | figurative | Using words beyond their literal meanings. |
| 41. | generalization | Broad claim based on limited cases. |
| 42. | grammar | Rules governing language structure. |
| 43. | hearsay | Information received indirectly from others. |
| 44. | humility | Recognition of one’s limitations. |
| 45. | hyperbole | Deliberate exaggeration for emphasis. |
| 46. | idiom | Expression whose meaning is not literal. |
| 47. | implication | Meaning suggested but not directly stated. |
| 48. | inference | Conclusion drawn from available evidence. |
| 49. | investigate | Examine systematically to discover facts. |
| 50. | irony | Contrast between appearance and intended meaning. |
| 51. | jargon | Specialized language used by a group. |
| 52. | literal | Following the exact, nonfigurative meaning. |
| 53. | logic | Principles of valid reasoning. |
| 54. | malapropism | Mistaken use of a similar-sounding word. |
| 55. | misconception | An incorrect belief or understanding. |
| 56. | misinformation | False information, regardless of intent. |
| 57. | misquote | Report someone’s words inaccurately. |
| 58. | modifier | Word or phrase describing another element. |
| 59. | morphology | Study of word forms and structure. |
| 60. | nonstandard | Outside the formally accepted language variety. |
| 61. | noun | Word naming a person, place, or thing. |
| 62. | nuance | A subtle distinction in meaning. |
| 63. | objective | Based on facts rather than feelings. |
| 64. | omission | Something important left out. |
| 65. | opinion | A personal belief or judgment. |
| 66. | orthography | Conventional spelling system of a language. |
| 67. | parallelism | Use of matching grammatical structures. |
| 68. | precision | Exactness in wording or measurement. |
| 69. | predicate | Sentence part describing the subject. |
| 70. | premise | Statement supporting an argument’s conclusion. |
| 71. | preposition | Word showing relationships between sentence elements. |
| 72. | pronoun | Word used instead of a noun. |
| 73. | pronunciation | The way a word is spoken. |
| 74. | punctuation | Marks organizing and clarifying written language. |
| 75. | qualify | Limit or modify a statement. |
| 76. | question | Express doubt or seek clarification. |
| 77. | rebut | Answer an argument with opposing evidence. |
| 78. | redundancy | Unnecessary repetition of meaning. |
| 79. | refute | Prove a claim false. |
| 80. | register | Language style suited to a situation. |
| 81. | relevance | Direct connection to the matter discussed. |
| 82. | retract | Formally withdraw a statement. |
| 83. | revise | Change something to improve accuracy. |
| 84. | semantics | Study of meaning in language. |
| 85. | soundness | Validity combined with true premises. |
| 86. | source | Where information originally comes from. |
| 87. | spelling | Correct arrangement of letters in words. |
| 88. | subject | Sentence element performing or being something. |
| 89. | subjective | Based on personal feelings or opinions. |
| 90. | substantiate | Support a claim with evidence. |
| 91. | syntax | Arrangement of words within sentences. |
| 92. | tact | Sensitivity when handling difficult situations. |
| 93. | tense | Grammatical marking of time. |
| 94. | tone | Attitude conveyed through language. |
| 95. | typo | A small typing or printing error. |
| 96. | uncertainty | Lack of complete confidence or knowledge. |
| 97. | usage | The customary way language is used. |
| 98. | validity | Logical strength of an argument’s structure. |
| 99. | verb | Word expressing action, occurrence, or state. |
| 100. | verify | Check that something is accurate. |