Complete the 12 sentences below. Choose the best answer for each one.
1The small, non-random sample ............... an association that should be tested in a larger representative study.
Wrong!
"Points to" is correct because it suggests evidence for an association without claiming certainty.
2Although the intervention coincided with improved attendance, it ............... the change alongside several administrative reforms.
Wrong!
"May have contributed to" is correct because it presents the intervention as one possible factor among others.
3Given the absence of longitudinal data, the association ............... stronger among younger participants than among older participants.
Wrong!
"Appears to be" is correct because it reports a cautious interpretation rather than a proven fact.
4If the model is applied to comparable urban datasets, it ............... produce similar estimates, though local conditions may affect the results.
Wrong!
"Is likely to" is correct because it expresses probability without promising a certain result.
5The unexpected rise in reported stress ............... a change in workplace culture, but it might also reflect greater willingness to disclose difficulties.
Wrong!
"Could indicate" is correct because it offers a possible interpretation of an ambiguous result.
6This pilot study ............... the hypothesis that peer feedback improves revision quality, but larger trials are needed.
Wrong!
"Tentatively supports" is correct because a pilot study gives preliminary evidence, not final proof.
7The pattern observed in the survey ............... the view that remote work can reduce commuting stress.
Wrong!
"Is consistent with" is correct because it shows compatibility with a view without proving it.
8Higher screen time ............... lower sleep quality in this dataset, although the study was not designed to test causation.
Wrong!
"May be associated with" is correct because the sentence describes a possible relationship, not causation.
9Because the measured effect size was modest, the treatment was ............... effective in the short term, yet its long-term impact remains unclear.
Wrong!
"Relatively" is correct because it matches the modest effect size and avoids exaggeration.
10Seasonal demand is ............... for the increase in energy use, although changes in pricing may also have played a role.
Wrong!
"A plausible explanation" is correct because it presents seasonal demand as reasonable but not certain or exclusive.
11The correlation between neighbourhood design and walking frequency ............... built environments influence daily physical activity.
Wrong!
"Raises the possibility that" is correct because a correlation can suggest an idea without proving it.
12Although the main analysis favours the income-based account, the authors ............... the influence of regional policy differences.
Wrong!
"Cannot rule out" is correct because it acknowledges that another explanation may still be relevant.
Exercise complete
0 out of 12
correct answers
Answers
- The small, non-random sample points to an association that should be tested in a larger representative study.
- Although the intervention coincided with improved attendance, it may have contributed to the change alongside several administrative reforms.
- Given the absence of longitudinal data, the association appears to be stronger among younger participants than among older participants.
- If the model is applied to comparable urban datasets, it is likely to produce similar estimates, though local conditions may affect the results.
- The unexpected rise in reported stress could indicate a change in workplace culture, but it might also reflect greater willingness to disclose difficulties.
- This pilot study tentatively supports the hypothesis that peer feedback improves revision quality, but larger trials are needed.
- The pattern observed in the survey is consistent with the view that remote work can reduce commuting stress.
- Higher screen time may be associated with lower sleep quality in this dataset, although the study was not designed to test causation.
- Because the measured effect size was modest, the treatment was relatively effective in the short term, yet its long-term impact remains unclear.
- Seasonal demand is a plausible explanation for the increase in energy use, although changes in pricing may also have played a role.
- The correlation between neighbourhood design and walking frequency raises the possibility that built environments influence daily physical activity.
- Although the main analysis favours the income-based account, the authors cannot rule out the influence of regional policy differences.